RTMP Protocol

RTMP (Real-Time Messaging Protocol) is the most widely used live streaming publishing protocol. Monibuca V6 provides full RTMP publishing and subscribing support, compatible with all major streaming tools.

Basic Information

Property	Value
Default Port	1935
Transport Layer	TCP
Publish	✅ Supported
Subscribe	✅ Supported
Latency	1-3 seconds
Feature Flag	`rtmp`

Configuration

Feature Activation

[features]
rtmp = ["dep:plugin-rtmp"]

Configuration File

rtmp:
  enable: true
  tcp:
    listen_addr: ":1935"
  chunk_size: 4096

Option	Type	Default	Description
`enable`	bool	`true`	Whether to enable the RTMP plugin
`tcp.listen_addr`	string	`":1935"`	Listen address
`chunk_size`	u32	`4096`	RTMP Chunk size (1-65536)

Publishing

Publishing with FFmpeg

# Publish a local file
ffmpeg -re -i input.mp4 -c copy -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/live/test

# Publish camera feed
ffmpeg -f v4l2 -i /dev/video0 -c:v libx264 -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/live/camera

# Publish with specific encoding parameters
ffmpeg -re -i input.mp4 \
  -c:v libx264 -preset veryfast -b:v 2000k \
  -c:a aac -b:a 128k \
  -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/live/test

Publishing with OBS

Open OBS, go to Settings → Stream
Select Custom for the service
Fill in:
- Server: rtmp://your-server-ip:1935/live
- Stream Key: test (i.e., the stream name)
Click Start Streaming

Stream Path Format

RTMP URL format: rtmp://host:port/{app}/{stream}

app: Application name (e.g., live)
stream: Stream name (e.g., test)
The full stream path is: {app}/{stream}, i.e., live/test

Subscribing

Subscribing with FFplay

ffplay rtmp://localhost:1935/live/test

Subscribing with VLC

Open VLC, select Media → Open Network Stream
Enter URL: rtmp://localhost:1935/live/test
Click Play

Recording with FFmpeg

# Subscribe and save as MP4
ffmpeg -i rtmp://localhost:1935/live/test -c copy output.mp4

# Subscribe and re-publish to another server
ffmpeg -i rtmp://localhost:1935/live/test -c copy -f flv rtmp://other-server/live/test

Cross-Protocol Subscribing

After publishing via RTMP, you can subscribe to the same stream using other protocols:

# RTMP publish
ffmpeg -re -i input.mp4 -c copy -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/live/test

# HTTP-FLV subscribe
ffplay http://localhost:8080/flv/live/test.flv

# HLS subscribe
ffplay http://localhost:8080/hls/live/test/index.m3u8

FAQ

Port Already in Use

If port 1935 is already in use, you can change the listen address:

rtmp:
  tcp:
    listen_addr: ":1936"

Reconnection After Disconnect

The RTMP plugin supports reconnection after the publisher disconnects. A new publishing connection automatically replaces the old publisher, and subscribers seamlessly switch to the new stream data.